Global Production Plant Distribution

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A significant portion of the world’s base oil production capacity is concentrated in a relatively small group of countries – namely the United States, China, South Korea, India, Russia, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Qatar, Spain, Belgium and Italy.

This leaves the majority of countries with little or no domestic base oil production. Despite this imbalance, a few of the countries that lack substantial capacity remain noteworthy due to their potential or unique challenges.

Big Gets Bigger: Comparing World’s Biggest Base Oil Plants in 2005 and 2025 

wdt_ID wdt_created_by wdt_created_at wdt_last_edited_by wdt_last_edited_at 2005 Capcity (t/y) API Group
43 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM Motiva, Port Arthur, Texas, U.S.Ā  1,248,000Ā Ā  II, IIIĀ 
44 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM S-Oil, Onsan, South KoreaĀ  1,216,000Ā  I, II, IIIĀ 
45 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM ExcelĀ Paralubes, Westlake, Louisiana, U.S.Ā  1,111,000Ā  IIĀ 
46 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM ExxonMobil, Baytown, Texas, U.S.Ā  1,081,000Ā  I, IIĀ 
47 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM ExxonMobil, Augusta, ItalyĀ  908,000Ā  IĀ 
48 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM ExxonMobil, Jurong Island, SingaporeĀ  901,000Ā  IIĀ 
49 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM Socar, Baku, AzerbaijanĀ  845,000Ā  IĀ 
50 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM SK, Ulsan, South KoreaĀ  832,000Ā  II, IIIĀ 
51 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM ExxonMobil, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S.Ā  830,000Ā  IĀ 
52 user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM user_oc_299 29/01/2026 08:53 AM Chevron, Richmond, California, U.S.Ā  746,000Ā  IIĀ 
wdt_ID wdt_created_by wdt_created_at wdt_last_edited_by wdt_last_edited_at 2025 Capcity (t/y) API Group
1 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM ExxonMobil, Jurong Island, SingaporeĀ  2,525,000Ā  IIĀ 
2 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM S-Oil, Onsan, South KoreaĀ  2,122,000Ā  I, II, IIIĀ 
3 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM Motiva, Port Arthur, Texas, U.S.Ā  2,017,000Ā  II, IIIĀ 
4 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM Qinghe Chemical Technology, Zibo, ChinaĀ  1,400,000Ā  II, IIIĀ 
5 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM Shandong Qingyuan, Zibo, ChinaĀ  1,400,000Ā  IIĀ 
6 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM Shell-Qatar Petroleum, Ras Laffan, QatarĀ  1,372,000Ā  IIIĀ 
7 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM ExxonMobil, Baytown, Texas, U.S.Ā  1,369,000Ā  I, IIĀ 
8 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM GS-Caltex, Yeousu, South KoreaĀ  1,297,000Ā  II, IIIĀ 
9 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM SKĀ Enmove, Ulsan, South KoreaĀ  1,267,000Ā  IIIĀ 
10 user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM user_oc_299 08/02/2026 07:13 PM Chevron, Pascagoula, Louisiana, U.S.Ā  1,251,000Ā  IIĀ 

The world’s 10 largest base oil refineries account for about a quarter of the world’s production capacity. Six of them are located in South Korea and the United States. About three-quarters of their capacity is API Group II.

The trend has been for plants to grow ever bigger. In 2005, one of the world’s largest was Baku, which 20 years ago produced 845,000 tons per year. This has since been eclipsed

Over the same period, numerous base oil refining units, especially Group I, have shut down across the world as global demand shifted and refineries were restructured or repurposed.

The majority of them were Group I units. While the grade still has a firm place in the finished lubricants market, it is slowly being pushed out by Group II base stocks, which can often be less expensive. This trend continued in 2023 when Eneos closed a Group I plant in Japan and Sapref shuttered a Group I facility in South Africa.

Refinery Openings and Closures

wdt_ID wdt_created_by wdt_created_at wdt_last_edited_by wdt_last_edited_at Year Company Location Country Group status
1 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2027 Indian Oil Corp. Haldia India III due
2 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2026 Indian Oil Corp. Panipat India II, III due
3 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2026 Lub-rref Julda Baghladesh II due
4 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2025 BASF Ludwigshafen Germany PIB opened
5 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2025 PKN Orlen Gdansk Poland II, III opened
6 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2025 Hill Group Klaipeda Lithuania II opened
7 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2025 PetroChina Dalian China I closed
8 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2024 Blue Tide Baytown U.S. II+ opened
9 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2024 Oleon Conroe U.S. esters opened
10 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2024 Puraglobe Tampa U.S. III, III+ opened
11 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2024 Recvoil Santiago Chile TBD opened
12 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2024 Oleon Baytown U.S. esters opened
13 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2024 Vadodara Gujarat India II, III opened
14 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2024 Eni Livorno Italy I, II closed
15 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2023 Qinghe Chemical Technology Zibo China II opened
16 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2023 Gazprom Neft Omsk Russia II, III opened
17 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2023 Puraglobe Elsteraue Germany III opened
18 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2023 Eneos Wakayama Japan I closed
19 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2023 SaprefĀ  Durban South Africa I closed
20 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2022 Hebei Feitian Petrochemical Xinji China II opened
21 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2022 Eneos Negishi Japan I closed
22 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2022 Shell Pulau Bukom Singapore I closed
23 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2021 SK-Repsol Cartagena Spain II, III opened
24 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2021 Hitech Oils & Greases Ain Sokhna Egypt I opened
25 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2021 Galp Matoshinos Portugal I closed
26 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2020 Total Gonfreville France I closed
27 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2019 Shandong Qingyuan Zibo China II opened
28 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2019 ExxonMobil Rotterdam Netherlands III opened
29 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2019 LyondellBasell Houston U.S. II/naphthenic closed
30 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2018 Hengli Petrochemical Dalian China II, III opened
31 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2018 Imperial Oil Strathcona Canada I closed
32 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2017 CNOOC Taizhou China II, III opened
33 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2017 Avista Kalundborg Denmark I closed
34 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2016 Gunvor Rotterdam Netherlands I closed
35 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2016 Shell Pernis Netherlands I closed
36 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2015 Colas Dunkirk France I, III closed
37 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2015 Lukoil Nizhny Novgorod Russia I closed
38 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2015 Samir Mohammedia Morocco I closed
39 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2014 Hyundai Shell Base Oil Daesan South Korea II opened
40 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2014 Azerneftyag Baku Azerbaijan I closed
41 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2014 CPC-Shell Kaohsiung Taiwan I closed
42 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2014 Safor Durban South Africa I closed
43 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2012 Russneft Orsk Russia I closed
44 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2011 Neste/Bapco Sitra Bahrain III opened
45 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2011 Petroplus Petit-Couronne France I closed
46 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2011 Imperial Oil Sarnia Canada I closed
47 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2010 Shell Montreal Canada I closed
48 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2009 PetroChina Dagang China I closed
49 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2008 Formosa Mai‑Liao Taiwan II opened
50 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2008 Pertamina-SK Dumai Indonesia III opened
51 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2008 Petronas Melaka Malaysia II, III opened
52 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2007 GS Caltex Yeosu South Korea II, III opened
53 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2007 Plama Petrol. Ref. Pleven Bulgaria I closed
54 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2006 BP Coryton UK I closed
55 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2006 Cepsa Huelva Spain I closed
56 user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM user_oc_299 22/12/2025 12:06 AM 2005 Shell Hamburg Germany I closed

Related Topics

Base Stocks